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What (who) is ecological conditions - definition

ATTRIBUTES OF ECOSYSTEMS WHICH SIGNIFY THEIR HEALTH

Ecological indicators; Ecological Indicators

Ecological indicator

Ecological indicators are used to communicate information about ecosystems and the impact human activity has on ecosystems to groups such as the public or government policy makers. Ecosystems are complex and ecological indicators can help describe them in simpler terms that can be understood and used by non-scientists to make management decisions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_indicator

Ecological modernization

FORM OF MODERNIZATION

Ecological modernisation; Criticism of ecological modernization

Ecological modernization is a school of thought in the social sciences that argues that the economy benefits from moves towards environmentalism. It has gained increasing attention among scholars and policymakers in the last several decades internationally.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_modernization

Ecological imperialism

THEORY THAT EUROPEAN SETTLERS WERE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZER BECAUSE OF ACCIDENTAL OR DELIBERATE INTRODUCTION OF ANIMALS, PLANTS, AND DISEASE LEADING TO MAJOR SHIFTS IN THE ECOLOGY OF THE COLONIZED AREAS AND TO POPULATION COLLAPSES IN THE ENDEMIC PEOPLES

Eco-imperialism; Ecological Imperialism

Ecological imperialism is the theory, advanced first by Alfred Crosby, that European settlers were successful in colonization of other regions because of their accidental or deliberate introduction of animals, plants, and disease leading to major shifts in the ecology of the colonized areas and to population collapses in the endemic peoples. The many pathogens they carried with them adversely affected the native populations of North America, Australia, and Africa, and were far more destructive than weaponry: it is estimated that disease wiped out up to 90 percent of indigenous people in some locations.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_imperialism

Wikipedia

Ecological indicator

Ecological indicators are used to communicate information about ecosystems and the impact human activity has on ecosystems to groups such as the public or government policy makers. Ecosystems are complex and ecological indicators can help describe them in simpler terms that can be understood and used by non-scientists to make management decisions. For example, the number of different beetle taxa found in a field can be used as an indicator of biodiversity.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Many different types of indicators have been developed. They can be used to reflect a variety of aspects of ecosystems, including biological, chemical and physical. Due to this variety, the development and selection of ecological indicators is a complex process.^[4]

Using ecological indicators is a pragmatic approach since direct documentation of changes in ecosystems as related to management measures, is cost and time intensive.^[5]^[6] For example, it would be expensive and time-consuming to count every bird, plant and animal in a newly restored wetland to see if the restoration was a success. Instead, a few indicator species can be monitored to determine the success of the restoration.

"It is difficult and often even impossible to characterize the functioning of a complex system, such as an eco-agrosystem, by means of direct measurements. The size of the system, the complexity of the interactions involved, or the difficulty and cost of the measurements needed are often crippling"^[7]

The terms ecological indicator and environmental indicator are often used interchangeably. However, ecological indicators are actually a sub-set of environmental indicators. Generally, environmental indicators provide information on pressures on the environment, environmental conditions and societal responses. Ecological indicators refer only to ecological processes; however, sustainability indicators are seen as increasingly important for managing humanity's coupled human-environmental systems.

Ecological indicators play an important role in evaluating policy regarding the environment.

Indicators contribute to evaluation of policy development by:^[8]

Providing decision-makers and the general public with relevant information on the current state and trends in the environment.
Helping decision-makers better understand cause and effect relationships between the choices and practices of businesses and policy-makers versus the environment.
Assisting to monitor and assess the effectiveness of measures taken to increase and enhance ecological goods and services.

Based on the United Nations convention to combat desertification and convention for biodiversity, indicators are planned to be built in order to evaluate the evolution of the factors. For instance, for the CCD, the Unesco-funded Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS) has created the Réseau d'Observatoires du Sahara et du Sahel (ROSELT) (website [9]) as a network of cross-Saharan observatories to establish ecological indicators.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological indicator

Examples of use of ecological conditions

1. Although ecological conditions are unusually favourable for breeding within a large portion of the northern Sahel region bordering the Sahara, no hoppers have been found so far.

2. Reforestation is often difficult amid water shortages, drought and harsh ecological conditions, and it can easily take decades to rehabilitate a desertified area.

3. Newspapers, radios and TV are giving necessary knowledge to the people in this connection and guiding them to engage themselves in an extensive work for providing proper ecological conditions to animals.

4. It is not a simple study of the distribution of animals and plants but a comprehensive and profound research into ecological conditions to turn useful plants into cultivatable ones, influence of natural plants on farm crops, rational reforestation and so on.

5. Faced with a different set of ecological conditions and economic constraints to ours, the bushmen trying to return to their lands see that their traditional practices and technologies or some of them at any rate – are more likely to ensure their survival than sitting in a tin shed drinking moonshine.